![]() Egypt was ruled from Thebes during this time and the papyrus is likely to have originated from there.: 7071 Edwin Smith, an American Egyptologist, was born in Connecticut in 1822 the same year Egyptian hieroglyphic writing was decoded. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA. The Edwin Smith Papyrus dates to Dynasties 1617 of the Second Intermediate Period. These physicians were able to recognize many symptoms of TBI and assign them a prognostic value. The Edwin Smith Papyrus reveals astonishing observation skill when considering the methods and limits of ancient times. Therapeutic options at this time seemed to have been limited. Furthermore, ancient physicians examined wounds, fractures, signs of basal skull fractures, and associated neurological or infectious symptoms, and classified the injury pattern according to their prognosis. The papyrus contains the first description of the brain, pulsations, contusions as the result of TBI, the dura, and cerebrospinal fluid, revealing a more or less sophisticated knowledge of cerebral anatomy. The Edwin Smith Papyrus is notable for being the oldest known surgical treatise in the world and casts some light on the medical knowledge possessed by the ancient Egyptians. This papyrus is named after Edwin Smith, the American collector of antiquities who purchased the papyrus. Methodically, cases and the presentation of each case are neatly classified within the papyrus. The Edwin Smith Papyrus is a medical treatise from ancient Egypt. The Edwin Smith Papyrus is the first treatise describing the treatment of patients with TBI and allows insights into the medical examination and treatment of head-injured patients in ancient Egypt.Ĭlinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic principles in the treatment of TBI in ancient Egypt were analyzed. It is now in the University of Leipzig library.Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is probably as old as human beings. Some believe the papyrus to be a copy of the even more ancient books of Thoth (3000BC), reputed father of medicine, pharmacy and alchemy. It describes a condition of severe despondency that is equivalent to our modern definition of depression. In 1862 Smith, while in Luxor, acquired the papyrus in contro-versial circumstances. Edwin Smith has been variously described as an ad-venturer, a money lender, a dealer and forger of antiqui-ties 2, 4, 5, a pioneer in the study of Egyptian science, and a man of great intellectual gifts 1. ![]() The papyrus also contains a short section on psychiatry. 1862 by Edwin Smith, an American living in Egypt. It also refers to birth control, diabetes mellitus, trachoma, hookworm and filariasis, as well as forms of arthritis. It also includes a surprisingly accurate description of the circulatory system, noting the existence of blood vessels throughout the body and the hearts function as a centre of the blood supply. The ancient Egyptians say that a depressed skull fracture looked like a puncture in a pottery jar. The papyrus contains chapters on intestinal disease, helminthiasis, ophthalmology, dermatology, gynaecology, obstetrics, pregnancy diagnosis, contraception, dentistry, and the surgical treatment of abscesses, tumours, fractures and burns. The 110 pages scroll contains 700 magical formulas and folk remedies meant to cure afflictions ranging from crocodile bite to toenail pain and to rid the house of such pests as flies, rats, and scorpions. The Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus is undoubtedly one of the most significant medical texts ever discovered. ![]() It is written in hieratic script and contains the most complete record of Egyptian medicine known. More complete than the Edwin Smith papyrus, it is the most important medical papyrus yet recovered. It measures about 20.23 m in length and 30 cm. Both tumors were associated with pain and swelling in the groin. He wrote, in his notes, that there were 2 distinct forms of cancer: one was firm to the touch and nonulcerated, whereas the other was foul smelling and ulcerated. As the legend goes, in 1872, Georg Ebers and his wealthy benefactor Herr Gunther stepped into a rare collections shop in Luxor (Thebes) owned by a collector named Edwin Smith. is the oldest preserved medical document. The Edwin Smith Papyrus was written about 3000 BC. This Egyptian papyrus from about 1552 B.C. ![]()
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